Financial Security
Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity

Maintaining


Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity, 2016-20

What does this measure?

Median household income, inflated to 2020 dollars, broken down by race/ethnicity. Half of incomes are below the median and half are above.

Why is this important?

Median household income is a gauge of overall economic health of the region and the financial resources of households. Examining income for different racial and ethnic groups is important as a measure of inequity.

How does our county compare?

In 2016-20, median incomes in Lancaster County were highest among Asian and white residents, at $73,109 and $71,564, respectively, and lowest among Hispanic and African American residents, at $47,573 and $44,549, respectively. The income disparity between white/Asian and African American/Hispanic earners was similar to the pattern of overall Pennsylvania and U.S. disparities. While Lancaster County median incomes were slightly above Pennsylvania averages for African Americans, Hispanics and whites, it was below U.S. median incomes for Hispanics and Asians, and slightly above the U.S. median for African Americans and whites.

Incomes were lower for all groups in the City of Lancaster: $36,985 for Asians, $42,627 for African Americans, $39,779 for Hispanics and $54,239 for whites.

Most groups in Lancaster County saw median incomes drop between 2000 and 2016-20, but Hispanics saw an increase.

Why do these disparities exist?

These large and persistent disparities in income are the result of historic and current policies and practices that disadvantaged people of color. Research has connected slavery and the inability of black Americans even after emancipation to fully participate in economic life to the wealth and income gaps still present today. Structural racism perpetuated by policies and practices that systematically disadvantage African American and Latino communities include inequitable education, low wages, job and wage discrimination, lack of access to capital, and globalization. Even when a recovery from the current economic crisis occurs, it is not expected to make up for the pre-existing racial disparities experienced over time unless policies are enacted to address these gaps.

Notes about the data

Figures are in constant 2020 dollars. The multi-year figures are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey. The bureau combined five years of responses to the survey to provide estimates for smaller geographic areas and increase the precision of its estimates. However, because the information came from a survey, the samples responding to the survey were not always large enough to produce reliable results, especially in small geographic areas. CGR has noted on data tables the estimates with relatively large margins of error. Estimates with three asterisks have the largest margins, plus or minus 50% or more of the estimate. Two asterisks mean plus or minus 35%-50%, and one asterisk means plus or minus 20%-35%. For all estimates, the confidence level is 90%, meaning there is 90% probability the true value (if the whole population were surveyed) would be within the margin of error (or confidence interval). The survey provides data on characteristics of the population that used to be collected only during the decennial census. Data for this indicator are expected to be released in the fourth quarter.

Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity, 2016-20
AsianBlack or African AmericanHispanicWhite
Pennsylvania$80,088$40,370$45,590$67,270
Lancaster County$73,109$44,549$47,573$71,564
Lancaster City$36,985*$42,627$39,779$54,239
Lancaster County Boroughs
Adamstown boroughN/A***$63,906*N/A***$77,188*
Akron boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$69,886*
Christiana boroughN/A***$51,042N/A***$69,375
Columbia boroughN/A***$34,400**$31,277$44,988
Denver township$76,023*N/A***$58,651$65,484
East Petersburg boroughN/A***N/A***$142,552***$76,869
Elizabethtown boroughN/A***N/A***$24,036$59,534
Ephrata boroughN/A***$22,000***$38,070***$55,810
Lititz boroughN/A***N/A***$65,484**$71,682
Manheim boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$61,216
Marietta boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$54,402
Millersville boroughN/A***N/A***$71,587**$54,894*
Mount Joy boroughN/A***$27,550***N/A***$67,260
Mountville boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$64,620**
New Holland boroughN/A***N/A***$114,063***$52,667*
Quarryville boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$66,136
Strasburg boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$69,847
Terre Hill boroughN/A***N/A***N/A***$61,563*
Lancaster County Townships
Bart townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$70,852*
Brecknock townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$80,505
Caernarvon townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$74,459*
Clay townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$70,107
Colerain townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$73,781
Conestoga townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$75,307
Conoy townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$88,304
Drumore townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$71,161*
Earl townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$61,418
East Cocalico townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$76,615
East Donegal townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$79,052
East Drumore townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$57,500
East Earl townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$89,311
East Hempfield township$65,591**N/A***N/A***$80,989
East Lampeter township$75,625**$43,681***N/A***$74,880
Eden townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$69,044*
Elizabeth townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$75,476
Ephrata township$50,000*N/A***$45,417***$62,354
Fulton townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$73,041
Lancaster township$141,727$81,176***$51,820*$66,361
Leacock townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$66,930
Little Britain townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$62,196*
Manheim township$99,592$81,397***$64,938**$80,254
Manor township$116,667**N/A***$63,605$72,725
Martic townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$77,443*
Mount Joy townshipN/A***N/A***$43,821*$79,693
Paradise townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$80,495
Penn townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$66,806
Pequea townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$91,902*
Providence townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$71,368
Rapho townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$78,304
Sadsbury townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$71,544
Salisbury townshipN/A***N/A***$135,500*$82,238
Strasburg townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$77,159*
Upper Leacock townshipN/A***$33,375***N/A***$73,267
Warwick township$45,441***$85,179***$45,993**$82,449
West Cocalico townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$76,458
West Donegal townshipN/A***N/A***N/A***$76,346*
West Earl township$91,346*N/A***$130,636**$82,025
West Hempfield township$114,837***N/A***$32,731**$79,338
West Lampeter township$56,168**$250,001N/A***$87,760
Berks County$56,528***$55,668$41,234$70,043
Chester County$137,450$57,309$71,281$106,618
Cumberland County$92,116$38,547$55,841$72,856
Dauphin County$79,727*$41,928$44,377$69,685
Lebanon County$73,056**$46,192$39,746*$63,331
York County$57,500*$49,811$44,422$70,711

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Notes: Figures in 2020 dollars. Multiyear results are from rolling American Community Survey. * Margin of error between 20% & 35% of estimate; ** margin of error between 35% & 50%; *** margin of error greater than 50%. The Census Bureau asks people to identify their race (white, African-American, etc.) separate from their ethnicity (Hispanic or non-Hispanic). So the totals for these categories cannot be added together, as people show up in both a racial and ethnic group.








INDICATORS TREND
Prekindergarten Participation Increasing
Student Performance on Grade 3 English Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 3 Math Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 8 English Not Applicable
Student Performance on Grade 8 Math Not Applicable
Student Performance in Grade 11 Math Not Applicable
Student Performance in Grade 11 English Decreasing
Per-Student Spending Maintaining
Students Receiving Special Education Services Increasing
Rate of Foster Care Admissions Decreasing
Single-Parent Families by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Disengaged Youth Maintaining
Plans of High School Graduates Not Applicable
Enrollment in Local Colleges Decreasing
College Graduation Rates Decreasing
Brain Drain/Gain Increasing
Education Levels of Adults by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Average Charitable Giving Maintaining
Voter Registration Rate Not Applicable
Voter Participation Rate Increasing
Age of Housing Stock Not Applicable
Violent Crime Rate Maintaining
Incarceration Rate Decreasing
Incarceration Rate by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Population Density Increasing
Air Quality Increasing
Water Use Decreasing
Waterways Impaired by Pollution Not Applicable
Population by Age Not Applicable
Change in Population by Age and Gender Not Applicable
Population by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
People with Disabilities Maintaining
Foreign-Born Population Increasing
Language Diversity Increasing
Change in Employment by Sector Not Applicable
Sector Share of Total Jobs Not Applicable
Workers by Occupation Not Applicable
Change in Labor Force Decreasing
People Entering/Leaving County/Region for Work Not Applicable
Average Salary by Sector Not Applicable
Change in Average Salary Since 2000 Increasing
Female to Male Earnings Ratio Maintaining
Employer Size Not Applicable
Change in Number of Businesses by Sector Increasing
Change in Total Agricultural Sales Increasing
Spending for Local Government Maintaining
Spending for School Districts Maintaining
Children Living in Poverty Increasing
Children in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
People Living in Poverty Increasing
People Living in Poverty, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Veterans Living in Poverty Decreasing
Working Poor Maintaining
Median Household Income by Household Type Not Applicable
Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Living Wage Not Applicable
Unemployment Rate by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Households Receiving SNAP by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Household Receiving Temporary Assistance Increasing
Students Eligible for Free/Reduced Price Lunch Increasing
Median Home Value Maintaining
Occupied Housing Units Maintaining
Homeownership Rate, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Cost of Homeownership by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Median Rent Maintaining
Cost of Renting Increasing
Households Without Vehicles Decreasing
Means of Transportation to Work, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
People Without Health Insurance Decreasing
Early Prenatal Care by Mother's Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Health Status Decreasing
Prevalence of Mental Illness Maintaining
Adults Who are Overweight or Obese Not Applicable
Mortality Rates Decreasing
Fatal Drug Overdoses Increasing
Cancer Incidence Decreasing
Households With Internet Access Not Applicable
High-Tech Jobs Increasing
STEM Graduates Increasing
Science and Engineering Research and Development Maintaining
Single-Parent Families by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Education Levels of Adults by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Incarceration Rate by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Population by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Children in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
People Living in Poverty, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Median Household Income, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Unemployment Rate by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Households Receiving SNAP by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Homeownership Rate, by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Cost of Homeownership by Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable
Early Prenatal Care by Mother's Race/Ethnicity Not Applicable


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